May. 24th, 2003

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From here:

Anne of Green Gables is under cleaning. Red Price: 3,800 Yen (according to tax)

Do you also attach to a cat and do hair? It is the costume play of a masterpiece "Anne of Green Gables"!

Anne of Green Gables appeared in popular costume play series! The hair of the red hair of costume is coquettish and cute. The cat which became a hood figure is likely to have a broom at any moment, and is likely to begin cleaning. As for the blouse of the country tone made with the same cloth as a hood, the yellow flower arrangement of the center of a collar is impressive, and looks very prettily! Since it can equip with a hood and a blouse on a piece of Velcro, attachment and detachment are easy!
>> size (circumference of a head): 22 to 28 cm

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http://qsilver.queensu.ca/english/report/Mainpage.htm

Universal Currency

Patterns of Employment and Postgraduate Study Among Recent Queen's University English Graduates

Sarah Copland

Abstract
This report presents the results of a recent investigation into patterns of employment and postgraduate study among Queen's University English graduates, compares these results with those of similar studies conducted in 1986 and 1990, relays the rich body of advice that respondents have offered to current students, to recent graduates, and to the Queen's English Department, and includes comprehensive lists of occupations currently held and qualifications currently being sought by these respondents.
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Walter D. Mignolo. "Linguistic maps, literary geographies, and cultural landscapes: languages, languaging, and (trans)nationalism." Modern Language Quarterly 57.2 (1996): 181-197.

Abstract: The persistence of colonialist practice is seen in language and languaging discourses in this age of western commercial expansion. Transnational and transimperial emphasis on the use of dominant language has influenced the concept of scholarship and research in the humanities and perpetuated the idea of non-industrialized countries as subalterns. Disguised as transculturation, the 20th-century neocolonialism seeks to erase plurality in all of its aspects. Arguments by South American writers such as Gloria Anzaldua, Michelle Cliff and Jose Maria Argueda inform the thesis.

Subjects: Language and languages - Political aspects
Intellectual life - Political aspects
International economic relations - Political aspects

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From J.M. Bumsted's The Peoples of Canada: A Pre-Confederation History (Toronto: Oxford University, 1992), on the colonization of Newfoundland:

"Despite much advance planning, the Newfoundland Company was soon faced with the realities of planting a European settlement in a total wilderness. The expectation that the colonists would rapidly achieve self-sufficiency was not met. The soil was neither fertile nor extensive, the climate was unsuited to European seed, and it was difficult to keep settlers as landless employees labouring under difficult conditions solely for the profit of their masters. Continual injections of new manpower and provisions would be required: the Newfoundland Company, like most commercial operations in North America, required fairly rapid returns on investment rather than constant capital outlays. The venture quickly turned into a series of mutual recriminations between those on the spot and those at home, the former demanding more financial assistance and the latter insisting on profits. The settlers constantly feared armed attack from 'pirates'--often summering
fishermen who were becoming increasingly concern about competition. The truth was that the Newfoundland fishery did not require permanent settlement. Colonization might produce some marginal advantages, but the cost of establishment was higher than investors were willing to pay.

[...]

By the 1640s a handful of more or less permanent settlers survived on a year-round basis along the rocky coast. But throughout most of the seventeenth century no community worthy of description developed. Although Newfoundland had been one of the earliest sites in North America for English colonization, the focus had quickly shifted south, where the English by 1650 had developed a number of successful colonies with a population in excess of 100,000. The 'new-found' island continued to provide enormous wealth to the British Empire in the form of fish, but as an area of settlement it had become extremely marginal.



Newfoundland's problems as a colony of settlement might, perhaps, be extreme examples. Then again, most colonies of settlement in the past have had similar problems. Looking at the British experience, for instance, we see a few things:

  • The British colonies founded in the modern Maritime provinces from the mid-18th century on had much more fertile land and potential for growth than their northern neighbour, although it took the settlement of tens of thousands of Loyalist refugees in the 1780s and the War of American Independence to make modern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick really self-sustaining.

  • The British colonies in the Caribbean (based on slave plantations) were, in the long term, failed societies which quickly became marginal once slavery was abolished; in the 17th and 18th centuries, though, many Britons made their fortunes in the area, at least those who didn't die of disease. T

  • Australia's development lagged for a half-century after the landing at Sydney, requiring the gold rush of the 1850s to push Australia to the forefront of British colonialist attention. Australia's population almost tripled in that decade. Even now, a century after Australian unification and massive immigration from abroad, though, Australia remains thinly populated for its land area compared to (say) Canada or other Southern Hemisphere countries of settlement (white and Indian South Africa, Argentina, Brazil).



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